Chapter 4

Chapter 4

Chapter IV

Gyana Karma Sannyasa Yoga

ज्ञान-कर्म-सन्न्यास योग

 

Sri Bhagavan Uvacha :

श्री भगवान उवाच

1. इमम्‌ विवस्वते योगम्‌ प्रोक्तवान्‌ अहम्‌ अव्ययम्‌ ।

विवस्वान्‌ मनवे प्राह मनुः इक्ष्वाकवे: अब्रवीत्‌ ॥

This yoga – ageless, 

 to Vivaswatha I narrated,

Vivaswatha to Manu conveyed,

Manu to Ikshvaku related.

 

2.एवं परम्पर प्राप्तम्‌ इमम्‌ राजर्षयः विदुः ।

स कालेन इह महता योगः नष्टः परंतप ॥

Thus it acquired a tradition,

This the Raja Rishis knew;

With the efflux of time, Arjuna,

lost was this great yoga.

 

3.स एव अयम्‌ मया ते अद्य योगः प्रोक्तः पुरातनः ।

भक्तः असि मे सखा च इति रहस्यम्‌ हि एतत्‌ उत्तमम्‌ ॥

The self same – this yoga-

is being narrated to you by me today;

For, a devotee of mine you are;

A friend too, therefore this supreme secret.

 

अर्जुन उवाच   Arjuna uvacha :

4.अपरम्‌ भवतः जन्म परं जन्म विवस्वतः ।

कथम्‌ एतत्‌ विजानीयाम्‌ त्वम्‌ आदौ प्रोक्तवान इति ॥

Later was your birth,

even prior was the birth of Vivaswatha,

How then am I to understand

that you in the beginning narrated this ?

 

श्री भगवान उवाच Sri Bhagavan uvacha :

5.बहूनि मे व्यतीतानि जन्मानि तव च अर्जुन ।

तानि अहम्‌ वेद सर्वाणि न त्वम्‌ वेत्थ परन्तप ॥

Many a births of mine have passed by,

yours too Arjuna;

Those I know of – all of them,

you know not any, Arjuna.

 

6.अजः अपि सन्‌ अव्ययात्मा भूतानाम्‌ ईश्वरः अपि सन्‌ ।

प्रकृतिम्‌ स्वाम्‌ अधिष्ठाय सम्भवामि आत्म-मायया ॥

Unborn as also ageless, this Self,

of all beings though the God,

residing in one’s own nature,

manifest through my maya.

 

7.यदा यदा हि धर्मस्य ग्लानिः भवति भारत ।

अभ्युत्थानं अधर्मस्य तदा आत्मानं सृजामि अ‍हम्‌ ॥

Whenever of righteousness

a decadence occurs, Arjuna,

and, an ascendance of  unscrupulousness,

then I, mine own self bring forth.

 

8.परित्राणाय साधूनाम्‌ विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम्‌ ।

धर्म-सम्स्थापन–अर्थाय संभावामि  युगे युगे ॥

For the protection of the righteous,

and for destruction of the evil mongers,

for the reaffirmation of righteousness,

I come into being era after era.

 

9.जन्म कर्म च मे दिव्यम्‌ एवम्‌ यः वेत्ति तत्त्वतः ।

त्यक्त्वा देहम्‌ पुनः जन्म न एति माम्‌ एति सः अर्जुन ॥

The birth and deeds of Mine as divine,

who thus knows this truth,

discarding this body does not to rebirth pass,

but he to Me does reach.

 

10.वीत राग भय क्रोधा मत मया माम्‌ उपाश्रिताः ।

बहवः ज्ञान-तपसा पूता मत्‌ भावम्‌ आगताः ॥

Rid of passion, fear and anger,

Absorbed in me; in me seeking refuge;

Through many a penance of wisdom purified,

attains my very being.

 

11.ये यथा मां प्रपद्यन्ते तान्‌ तथा एव भजामि अहम्‌ ।

मम वर्त्म अनुवर्तन्ते मनुष्याः पार्थ सर्वशः ॥

In the manner they approach Me,

I nourish them thus.

My examples do mankind follow,

Oh Arjuna! in all respects.

 

12.काङ्क्षन्तः कर्मणाम्‌ सिद्धिं यजन्त इह देवताः ।

क्षिप्रम्‌ हि मानुषे लोके सिद्धिः भवति कर्म्जा ॥

They that desire success in action,

make sacrifices herein to the Gods;

And soon  this world of mankind,

begets success born of actions.

 

13.चातुर्वर्ण्यम्‌ मया सृष्टं गुण-कर्म-विभागशः ।

तस्य कर्तारम्‌ अपि मां विद्धि अकर्तारम्‌ अव्ययम्‌ ॥

The four castes is My creation,

classified by traits and deeds;

Being its author too; know Me

to be the non-doer and the immutable.

 

14.न माम कर्माणि लिम्पन्ति न मे कर्म-फले स्पृहा ।

इति माम्‌ यः अभिजानाति कर्मभिः न स बध्यते ॥

Not on me have actions a bearing,

nor for me any attachment to outcomes;

He that thus knows Me,

is not tied down by cares.

 

15.एवम्‌ ज्ञात्वा कृतम्‌ कर्म पूर्वैः अपि मुमुक्षुभिः ।

कुरु कर्म एव तस्मात्‌ त्वम्‌ पूर्वैः पूर्वतरम्‌ कृतम्‌ ॥

Having realised thus, discharged their duties :

the forefathers and the salvation seekers;

Perform your deeds also therefore,

as the forefathers in yonder times did.

 

16.किम्‌ कर्म किम्‌ अकर्म इति कवयः अपि अत्र मोहिताः ।

तत्‌ ते कर्म प्रवक्ष्यामि यत्‌ ज्ञात्वा मोक्ष्यसे अशुभात्‌ ॥

What’s action ? What’s non-action ?,

thus the learned, so too the deluded;

That – action – to you I shall explain,

knowing which you’ll be freed from the inauspicious.

 

17.कर्मणः हि अपि बोद्धव्यम्‌ बोद्ध्व्यम्‌ च विकर्मणः ।

अकर्मणः च बोद्धव्यम्‌ गहना कर्मणः गतिः ॥

Of action, indeed, you must be aware;

as also be aware of forbidden action.

Of non-action too be aware,

profound are the ramifications of action.

 

18.कर्मणि अकर्म यः पश्येत्‌ अकर्मणि च कर्म यः ।

सः बुद्धिमान्‌ मनुष्येषु सः युक्तः कृत्स्न-कर्म-कृत्‌ ॥

In action, non-action who perceives,

and in non-action, action;

he is wise amongst mankind,

he is integrated – a full fledged performer.

 

19.यस्य सर्वे समारम्भाः काम-सङ्कल्प-विवर्जिताः ।

ज्ञान-अग्नि-दग्ध कर्माणम्‌ तम्‌ आहुः पण्डितम्‌ बुधाः ॥

He whose all endeavours,

of desires and fancies devoid;

Through the fire of knowledge, actions smelted,

Him call the sages a wise man.

 

20.त्यक्त्वा कर्म-फला-सङ्गं नित्य-तृप्त: निराश्रयः ।

कर्मणि अभिप्रवृत्त: अपि अपि न एव किञ्चित्‌ करोति सः ॥

Renouncing attachments to fruits of action,

ever content and never dependent;

In action constantly engaged as well,

nothing does he.

 

21.निराशीः यतचित्तात्मा त्यक्त-सर्व-परिग्रहः ।

शारीरम्‌ केवलम्‌ कर्म कुर्वन्‌ न आप्नोति किल्बिषम्‌ ॥

Sans desires, that soul of pure Consciousness,

renouncing all hankering for possessions;

The body : for discharging duties alone;

such an one incurs no sin.

 

22.यदृच्छा–लाभ-सन्तुष्टः द्वन्द्व अतीतः विमत्सरः ।

सम सिद्धौ-असिद्धौ च कृत्वा अपि न निबध्यते ॥

By unsought for gains content,

beyond dualism, sans rivalry;

composed in accomplishments and failures,

though performing is never influenced.

 

23.गत-सङ्गस्य मुक्तस्य ज्ञान-अवस्थित-चेतसः ।

यज्ञाय आचरतः कर्म समग्रम्‌ प्रविलीयते ॥

Of the one whose attachments are gone, and free he be;

In understanding established his consciousness;

for the sake of sacrifice alone does he perform,

His cares all just melt away.   

 

24.ब्रह्म अर्पण्म्‌ ब्रह्म हविः ब्रह्म अग्नौ ब्रह्मणा हुतम्‌ ।

ब्रह्म एव तेन गन्तव्यम्‌ ब्रह्म-कर्म-समाधिना ॥

The materials in oblation is Brahma, the liquids too is Brahma,

Brahma is the fire, the performer and the act of oblation too;

Brahma alone is his destination,

His, who is engrossed in this Brahmic deed.

 

25.दैवं एव अपरे यज्ञं योगिनः पर्युपासते ।

ब्रह्म-अग्नौ-अपरे यज्ञम्‌ यज्ञेन उपजुह्वति ॥

To the Gods alone others,

Sacrifices the Yogis abide by.

Into the fire of Brahma still others,

Sacrifice through sacrifice alone consumes.

 

26.श्रोत्र-आदीनि इन्दियाणि अन्ये संयम-अग्निषु जुह्वति ।

शब्द-आदीनि विषयान्‌ अन्य इन्द्रिय-अग्निषु जुह्वति ॥

The faculty of hearing, the sense organs still others,

into the fire of restraint offer;

The sounds and the sensual objects still others,

into the fire of the senses offer.          

 

27.सर्वाणि इंद्रिय-कर्माणि प्राण-कार्माणि च अपरे ।

आत्म-संयम-योग-अग्नौ जुह्वति ज्ञान-दीपिते ॥

All the sensual functions,

the functions of the vital breath and still others;

into the yogic fire of self control,

offer, kindled by wisdom.

 

28.द्रव्य-यज्ञाः तपो-यज्ञा योग-यज्ञाः तथा अपरे ।

स्व-अध्याय-ज्ञान-यज्ञाः च यतयः संशितव्रताः ॥

Sacrifices of material wealth, sacrifices through penance,

sacrifices through yoga, thus others;

sacrifices through knowledge from self study,

and, striving through rigid vows.

 

29.अपाने जुह्वति प्राणम्‌ प्राणे अपानं तथा अपरे ।

प्राण-अपान-गती रुद्ध्वा प्राणायाम परायणाः ॥

Into the outgoing breath offer the vital breath,

into the vital breath the outgoing breath, thus others,

The flow of inhalation and exhalation regulated,

the vital breath-control (they) practice.

 

30.अपरे नियत-आहाराः प्राणान्‌-प्राणेषु जुह्वति ।

सर्वे अपि एते यज्ञ्यविदः यज्ञ-क्षपित-कल्म्षाः ॥

Others through regulated diet,

the vital breath into the vital breath offer;

All of them do understand sacrifice,

through sacrifice is purified of all sins.

 

31.यज्ञ-शिष्ट-अ‍मृत भुजः यान्ति ब्रह्म सनातनम्‌ ।

न अयम्‌ लोकः अस्ति अयज्ञस्य कुतः अन्य: कुरुसत्तम ॥

The remnants of sacrifice – the nectar – consuming,

attain the Brahma – the eternal;

never does this world belong to the non-sacrificer,

how then any other O Arjuna ?

 

32.एवम्‌ बहुविधा यज्ञा वितता ब्रह्मण: मुखे ।

कर्मजान्‌ विद्धि तान्‌ सर्वान्‌ एवम्‌ ज्ञात्वा विमोक्ष्यसे ॥

These the many types of sacrifices,

spread across the face of Brahma;

born of cares know all these to be,

having thus known you shall be liberated.

 

33.श्रेयान्‌ द्रव्यमयात्‌ यज्ञात्‌ ज्ञान-यज्ञः परन्तप ।

सर्वम्‌ कर्म-अखिलम्‌ पार्थ ज्ञाने परिसमाप्यते ॥

Superior to material sacrifices

is the sacrifice through knowledge, Arjuna;

all cares in their entirety, Arjuna,

into knowledge do culminate.

 

34.तत्‌ विद्धि प्रणिपातेन परिप्रश्नेन सेवया ।

उपदेक्ष्यन्ति ते ज्ञानं ज्ञानिनः तत्त्वदर्शिनः ॥

Know that through prostration,

through questioning and through service;

impart they that knowledge,

the wise and the seers of the Truth.

 

35.यत्‌ ज्ञात्वा न पुनः मोहम्‌ एव यास्यसि पाण्डव ।

येन भूतानि अशेषेण द्रक्ष्यसि आत्मनि अथो मयि ॥

Having known which, not again

does delusion ever allure, O Arjuna.

Through that, all the beings

you shall see in you, then in Me.

 

36.अपि चेत्‌ असि पापेभ्यः सर्वेभ्यः पापकृतम्‌ ।

सर्वम्‌ ज्ञान-प्लवेन एव वृजिनं सन्‌-तरिष्यसि ॥

And even if you have of every sinner’s

sins committed;

all these through the raft of knowledge alone,

the ocean of sin you shall easily cross over.

 

37.यथा एधांसि समिद्धः अग्निः भस्मसात्‌ कुरुते अर्जुन ।

ज्ञानाग्निः सर्वकर्माणि भस्मसात्‌ कुरुते तथा ॥

Just as the fuel, the blazing fire

into ashes turn O Arjuna;

the fire of knowledge all actions

into ashes do turn thus.

 

38.न हि ज्ञानेन सदृशं पवित्रम्‌ इह विद्यते ।

तत्‌ स्वयम्‌ योग-संसिद्धः कालेन आत्मनि विन्दति ॥

Not indeed, like knowledge,

as pure in this world does exist;

That, by one’s own self, one perfected in yoga,

in course of time in himself does he find.

 

39.श्रद्धावान्‌ लभते ज्ञानं तत्परः संयत-इन्द्रियः ।

ज्ञानं लब्ध्वा परां शान्तिं अचिरेण अधिगच्छति ॥

The dedicated attains knowledge,

the devoted, the one with senses controlled;

having obtained the knowledge,

supreme peace anon he attains.

 

40.अज्ञः च अश्रद्धधान्‌ च संशय-आत्मा विनश्यति ।

न अयं लोकः अस्ति न परः न सुखं संशय-आत्मनः ॥

The ignorant and the faithless,

and the doubting self, perishes;

neither this world does exist, nor the other,

nor is there joy for the doubting self.

 

41.योग-सन्न्यस्त-कर्माणं ज्ञान-संछिन्न-संशयं ।

आत्मवन्तं न कर्माणि निबध्नन्ति धनञ्जय ॥

To yoga renounced all actions.

through knowledge rent asunder the doubts;

the self poised : never do cares

bind O Arjuna.   

 

42.तस्मात्‌ अज्ञान-सम्भूतं हृ-स्थं ज्ञान-आसिन-आत्मनः ।

छित्वा एनं संशयं योगं आतिष्ठ उत्तिष्ठ भारत ॥

Therefore, the ignorance-born, with the sword of knowledge,

residing in thy heart

cut asunder this doubt;

Subject yourself to yoga and arise O Arjuna.

 

ज्ञान-कर्म-सन्न्यास योग  चतुर्थः अध्यायः